Grapheneos Compatible Phones

GrapheneOS is an open-source, security-focused mobile operating system designed for Google Pixel devices. Pixel devices that support GrapheneOS include Pixel 9 Pro Fold (comet), Pixel 9 Pro XL (komodo), Pixel 9 Pro (caiman), Pixel 9 (tokay), Pixel 8a (akita), Pixel 8 Pro (husky), Pixel 8 (shiba), Pixel Fold (felix), Pixel Tablet (tangorpro), Pixel 7a (lynx), Pixel 7 Pro (cheetah), Pixel 7 (panther), Pixel 6a (bluejay), Pixel 6 Pro (raven), and Pixel 6 (oriole). These devices maintain compatibility with GrapheneOS due to hardware security, verified boot mechanisms, and long-term software updates.

Pixel 9 Pro Fold (comet) integrates Titan M2 security with full hardware-backed attestation, ensuring a verifiable boot process. Titan M2 enhances isolated storage, preventing bootloader tampering. Pixel 9 Pro XL (komodo) shares the same architecture but features expanded security domains with dedicated memory encryption. Memory encryption mitigates rowhammer attacks, preventing data leaks. Pixel 9 Pro (caiman) follows the same security structure while supporting GrapheneOS sandboxing policies, which restrict app permissions dynamically. Sandboxing policies enforce granular access control, reducing attack surfaces.

Pixel 9 (tokay) supports user-controlled exploit mitigations that prevent unauthorized kernel modifications. Exploit mitigations leverage memory tagging extensions, securing execution flows. Pixel 8a (akita) adopts the same security architecture, integrating restricted direct memory access (DMA) handling for peripherals. Restricted DMA handling protects against Thunderbolt-style attacks, isolating kernel memory. Pixel 8 Pro (husky) introduces return-oriented programming (ROP) defenses, making it resistant to code-reuse exploits. ROP defenses disable speculative execution leaks, preventing side-channel vulnerabilities.

Pixel 8 (shiba) and Pixel Fold (felix) implement hardened address space layout randomization (ASLR), reducing memory corruption risks. Hardened ASLR randomizes memory layouts dynamically, preventing predictable memory mapping. Pixel Tablet (tangorpro) extends this security model to tablet form factors, enforcing full hardware-backed encryption. Full encryption secures user data at rest, mitigating storage-based threats.

Pixel 7a (lynx) and Pixel 7 Pro (cheetah) feature integrated hardware security co-processors to enhance runtime protections. Hardware security co-processors isolate cryptographic operations, reducing exposure to software exploits. Pixel 7 (panther) strengthens verified boot policies, preventing rollback attacks. Rollback prevention locks software versions, ensuring firmware authenticity.

Pixel 6a (bluejay) provides kernel control-flow integrity (CFI), safeguarding against unauthorized code execution. CFI enforces forward-edge protection, blocking jump-oriented programming attacks. Pixel 6 Pro (raven) and Pixel 6 (oriole) support strict SELinux policies, isolating application contexts. Strict SELinux rules prevent privilege escalation, limiting process interactions.

Pixel 9 Pro Fold (comet)

Pixel 9 Pro Fold (comet) is compatible with GrapheneOS, leveraging a security-hardened architecture that enhances privacy, exploit protection, and system integrity. Titan M2 security chip ensures hardware-backed attestation, verifying firmware authenticity at boot. Attestation prevents bootloader tampering, enforcing trusted execution. Secure boot mechanisms validate each stage, preventing unauthorized modifications. Verified boot restricts rollback attacks, ensuring firmware integrity.

Memory security is reinforced through hardened address space layout randomization (ASLR), dynamically mapping memory regions to mitigate predictable memory allocation vulnerabilities. ASLR obstructs memory corruption exploits, reducing attack feasibility. Return-oriented programming (ROP) defenses further secure execution flow, blocking code reuse techniques used in buffer overflow attacks.

GrapheneOS sandboxing policies isolate applications, restricting data access based on least privilege principles. Sandboxing policies limit app permissions dynamically, preventing unauthorized data exposure. Secure element integration protects sensitive operations, offloading cryptographic computations to a dedicated co-processor. Dedicated cryptographic handling ensures key management integrity, preventing unauthorized decryption.

Exploit mitigations are user-controlled, allowing advanced runtime security configurations. Memory tagging extensions (MTE) safeguard execution paths, detecting unintended memory access patterns before execution faults occur. MTE prevents memory corruption attacks, strengthening overall system resilience.

Secure networking features include encrypted DNS over TLS (DoT) and DNS over HTTPS (DoH), preventing domain name resolution interception attacks. Encrypted DNS requests mitigate network-level surveillance, preserving user anonymity.

GrapheneOS on Pixel 9 Pro Fold (comet) enhances kernel control-flow integrity (CFI), restricting unauthorized jump-oriented programming (JOP) execution chains. CFI enforces forward-edge control, securing indirect function calls. Strict SELinux policies define access restrictions between processes, ensuring mandatory access control enforcement.

Pixel 9 Pro XL (komodo)

Pixel 9 Pro XL (komodo) supports GrapheneOS, integrating advanced hardware and software security mechanisms to enhance system integrity, exploit resistance, and data protection. Titan M2 security chip enables hardware-backed attestation, ensuring firmware authenticity during boot verification. Secure boot enforces cryptographic validation, preventing unauthorized firmware modifications. Rollback prevention locks previous firmware versions, eliminating downgrade-based attacks.

Memory security enhancements include hardened address space layout randomization (ASLR), dynamically mapping memory segments to prevent predictable memory allocations. ASLR obstructs memory corruption exploits, mitigating exploit feasibility. Memory tagging extensions (MTE) detect and block out-of-bounds memory access, reducing heap corruption risks. Return-oriented programming (ROP) defenses strengthen execution flow security, preventing buffer overflow exploits.

GrapheneOS sandboxing policies isolate applications, enforcing least privilege access controls for runtime security. Sandboxing policies dynamically restrict app permissions, preventing unauthorized data access. Kernel control-flow integrity (CFI) ensures strict function pointer validation, blocking jump-oriented programming (JOP) attacks. Strict SELinux policies define inter-process communication restrictions, eliminating unauthorized privilege escalations.

Dedicated cryptographic handling is facilitated through a secure element (SE), isolating encryption operations from the main processor. Secure element integration enhances key storage protection, preventing unauthorized extraction. End-to-end encryption applies to user data, ensuring full disk protection against unauthorized access. Hardened verified boot (HVB) validates bootchain integrity, preventing compromised firmware execution.

Network security protections include encrypted DNS over TLS (DoT) and DNS over HTTPS (DoH), preventing man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks on domain name resolution. Secure Wi-Fi protocols enforce WPA3 authentication, blocking brute-force key guessing attacks. Private Cellular Network security (PCNS) restricts IMSI-catching surveillance, protecting cellular identity privacy.

Pixel 9 Pro (caiman)

Pixel 9 Pro (caiman) is fully compatible with GrapheneOS, integrating advanced security features, exploit mitigations, and system hardening measures to maximize privacy and attack resistance. Titan M2 security chip ensures hardware-backed attestation, validating firmware integrity at every boot stage. Secure boot enforces cryptographic verification, preventing unauthorized firmware alterations. Rollback protection blocks firmware downgrades, eliminating downgrade-based exploits.

Memory security is reinforced through hardened address space layout randomization (ASLR), dynamically mapping memory segments to prevent predictable memory layouts. ASLR obstructs memory corruption exploits, significantly reducing attack vectors. Memory tagging extensions (MTE) detect and block out-of-bounds memory accesses, preventing buffer overflows. Return-oriented programming (ROP) defenses enhance execution flow security, preventing code reuse attacks in compromised memory regions.

GrapheneOS sandboxing policies isolate applications using least privilege principles, restricting unnecessary data access. Sandboxing dynamically enforces app permissions, blocking unauthorized resource access. Kernel control-flow integrity (CFI) ensures strict function pointer validation, eliminating jump-oriented programming (JOP) exploits. Strict SELinux policies define inter-process communication boundaries, blocking privilege escalation attempts.

Dedicated cryptographic operations are offloaded to a secure element (SE), isolating key storage from the main processor. Secure element integration enhances encryption key protection, preventing unauthorized decryption. End-to-end encryption applies to user data, ensuring full-disk protection against unauthorized physical access. Hardened verified boot (HVB) validates each boot stage, blocking execution of tampered firmware.

Network security reinforcements include encrypted DNS over TLS (DoT) and DNS over HTTPS (DoH), preventing network-level interception of DNS queries. Secure Wi-Fi authentication protocols enforce WPA3 security, mitigating brute-force key guessing attacks. Private Cellular Network Security (PCNS) protects against IMSI-catcher surveillance, ensuring cellular identity privacy.

Pixel 9 (tokay)

Pixel 9 (tokay) is fully compatible with GrapheneOS, integrating hardware-backed security, memory protection mechanisms, and advanced exploit mitigations to enhance system integrity and privacy. Titan M2 security chip enforces hardware-backed attestation, ensuring firmware authenticity at every boot stage. Secure boot validates cryptographic signatures, blocking unauthorized firmware modifications. Rollback protection prevents firmware downgrades, eliminating downgrade-based exploits.

Memory security is reinforced through hardened address space layout randomization (ASLR), dynamically mapping memory allocations to prevent predictable memory layouts. ASLR obstructs memory corruption exploits, mitigating attack feasibility. Memory tagging extensions (MTE) identify and prevent unintended memory accesses, reducing heap-based buffer overflow risks. Return-oriented programming (ROP) defenses strengthen execution flow security, preventing code reuse attacks in compromised memory regions.

GrapheneOS sandboxing policies ensure strict application isolation, enforcing least privilege principles. Sandboxing dynamically restricts app permissions, blocking unauthorized access to sensitive data. Kernel control-flow integrity (CFI) applies strict function pointer validation, eliminating jump-oriented programming (JOP) attacks. Strict SELinux policies define inter-process communication boundaries, blocking privilege escalation exploits.

Dedicated cryptographic security is facilitated through a secure element (SE), offloading encryption operations from the main processor. Secure element integration protects cryptographic keys, preventing unauthorized data extraction. End-to-end encryption applies to user data, ensuring full-disk protection against physical access threats. Hardened verified boot (HVB) enforces boot integrity, blocking tampered firmware execution.

Network security protections include encrypted DNS over TLS (DoT) and DNS over HTTPS (DoH), preventing domain name resolution interception. Secure Wi-Fi authentication enforces WPA3 security, blocking brute-force key guessing attacks. Private Cellular Network Security (PCNS) mitigates IMSI-catcher surveillance, preserving cellular identity privacy.

Pixel 8a (akita)

Pixel 8a (akita) is fully compatible with GrapheneOS, integrating hardware-backed security, exploit mitigations, and strict memory protections to enhance system integrity and privacy. Titan M2 security chip enforces hardware-backed attestation, verifying firmware authenticity during the boot process. Secure boot applies cryptographic verification, preventing unauthorized firmware modifications. Rollback protection blocks previous firmware versions, mitigating downgrade-based attack vectors.

Memory security is reinforced through hardened address space layout randomization (ASLR), dynamically shifting memory allocations to eliminate predictable memory layouts. ASLR obstructs memory corruption vulnerabilities, reducing buffer overflow exploitability. Memory tagging extensions (MTE) monitor runtime memory access patterns, preventing out-of-bounds memory writes. Return-oriented programming (ROP) defenses enhance execution control, preventing instruction reuse attacks.

GrapheneOS sandboxing policies enforce strict application isolation, limiting unauthorized data access. Sandboxing dynamically adjusts app permissions, mitigating privilege escalation risks. Kernel control-flow integrity (CFI) implements strict function pointer validation, preventing jump-oriented programming (JOP) exploits. Strict SELinux policies regulate process interactions, eliminating unauthorized inter-process communication.

Dedicated cryptographic security is managed through a secure element (SE), isolating key storage from the application processor. Secure element integration strengthens encryption key protection, blocking unauthorized decryption attempts. End-to-end encryption applies to user data, ensuring full-disk protection against physical access threats. Hardened verified boot (HVB) validates bootchain integrity, blocking compromised firmware execution.

Network security protections include encrypted DNS over TLS (DoT) and DNS over HTTPS (DoH), preventing network-level domain name resolution attacks. Secure Wi-Fi authentication enforces WPA3 security, eliminating brute-force key guessing risks. Private Cellular Network Security (PCNS) mitigates IMSI-catcher surveillance, securing cellular identity.

Pixel 8 Pro (husky)

Pixel 8 Pro (husky) is fully compatible with GrapheneOS, integrating hardware-backed security, exploit mitigation techniques, and memory protection mechanisms to enhance system resilience against attacks. Titan M2 security chip enforces hardware-backed attestation, validating firmware authenticity at each boot stage. Secure boot implements cryptographic verification, preventing unauthorized firmware modifications. Rollback protection blocks firmware downgrades, mitigating downgrade-based exploits.

Memory security is reinforced with hardened address space layout randomization (ASLR), dynamically mapping memory regions to prevent predictable allocations. ASLR obstructs memory corruption exploits, reducing attack feasibility. Memory tagging extensions (MTE) detect and block out-of-bounds memory accesses, mitigating heap corruption vulnerabilities. **Return-oriented programming (ROP) defenses enhance execution control, preventing code reuse techniques used in buffer overflow exploits.

GrapheneOS sandboxing policies implement strict application isolation, limiting unauthorized access to sensitive resources. Sandboxing dynamically enforces app permission restrictions, preventing data leakage. Kernel control-flow integrity (CFI) applies function pointer validation, eliminating jump-oriented programming (JOP) attacks. Strict SELinux policies regulate inter-process communication, blocking unauthorized privilege escalations.

Cryptographic security is managed through a secure element (SE), isolating encryption operations from the main processor. Secure element integration enhances key storage security, preventing unauthorized decryption attempts. End-to-end encryption applies to user data, ensuring full-disk protection against physical attacks. Hardened verified boot (HVB) enforces boot integrity, blocking execution of compromised firmware.

Network security protections include encrypted DNS over TLS (DoT) and DNS over HTTPS (DoH), mitigating man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks on domain name resolution. Secure Wi-Fi authentication enforces WPA3 security, blocking brute-force key guessing attacks. Private Cellular Network Security (PCNS) protects against IMSI-catcher surveillance, securing cellular identity privacy.

Pixel 8 (shiba)

Pixel 8 (shiba) is fully compatible with GrapheneOS, integrating system-wide security hardening, exploit mitigation techniques, and strict memory protections to enhance system integrity and privacy. Titan M2 security chip enforces hardware-backed attestation, verifying firmware authenticity during system boot. Secure boot validates cryptographic integrity, preventing unauthorized firmware modifications. Rollback protection locks previous firmware versions, eliminating downgrade-based exploits.

Memory security measures include hardened address space layout randomization (ASLR), dynamically adjusting memory allocations to disrupt predictable memory layouts. ASLR obstructs memory corruption exploits, reducing code execution vulnerabilities. Memory tagging extensions (MTE) detect runtime memory access violations, preventing buffer overflows. Return-oriented programming (ROP) defenses ensure execution control integrity, blocking instruction reuse exploits.

GrapheneOS sandboxing policies impose strict application isolation, restricting unnecessary data access. Sandboxing dynamically restricts app permissions, reducing exposure to security threats. Kernel control-flow integrity (CFI) enforces strict function pointer validation, blocking jump-oriented programming (JOP) exploits. Strict SELinux policies regulate process interactions, preventing unauthorized privilege escalations.

Cryptographic operations are processed through a secure element (SE), isolating encryption key storage from the main processor. Secure element integration enhances key protection, ensuring encryption integrity. End-to-end encryption applies to user data, safeguarding against unauthorized access. Hardened verified boot (HVB) enforces firmware integrity validation, preventing compromised boot execution.

Network security reinforcements include encrypted DNS over TLS (DoT) and DNS over HTTPS (DoH), preventing domain name resolution hijacking. Secure Wi-Fi authentication enforces WPA3 protocols, eliminating brute-force password attacks. Private Cellular Network Security (PCNS) blocks IMSI-catcher tracking, securing mobile identity privacy.

Pixel Fold (felix)

Pixel Fold (felix) is fully compatible with GrapheneOS, integrating hardware-backed security, system-wide exploit mitigations, and memory protection mechanisms to enhance device integrity, data privacy, and attack resistance. Titan M2 security chip ensures hardware-backed attestation, validating firmware authenticity at every boot stage. Secure boot applies cryptographic verification, preventing unauthorized firmware alterations. Rollback protection locks previous firmware versions, mitigating downgrade-based exploits.

Memory security is reinforced through hardened address space layout randomization (ASLR), dynamically mapping memory allocations to eliminate predictable memory structures. ASLR disrupts memory corruption exploits, reducing code execution vulnerabilities. Memory tagging extensions (MTE) detect and block out-of-bounds memory accesses, mitigating heap corruption risks. **Return-oriented programming (ROP) defenses strengthen execution control, preventing code reuse attacks exploiting memory corruption weaknesses.

GrapheneOS sandboxing policies implement strict application isolation, ensuring minimal data exposure and unauthorized access prevention. Sandboxing dynamically enforces app permissions, blocking malicious privilege escalation attempts. Kernel control-flow integrity (CFI) validates function pointers, eliminating jump-oriented programming (JOP) exploits. Strict SELinux policies define process interaction boundaries, preventing unauthorized inter-process communication.

Cryptographic security is managed through a secure element (SE), isolating cryptographic key storage from the main processor. Secure element integration enhances key protection, ensuring encryption integrity. End-to-end encryption applies to user data, safeguarding storage against physical access threats. Hardened verified boot (HVB) validates firmware integrity, blocking execution of tampered boot components.

Pixel Tablet (tangorpro)

Pixel Tablet (tangorpro) is fully compatible with GrapheneOS, integrating hardware-backed security, exploit mitigations, and memory protection measures to enhance system integrity, privacy, and threat resistance. Titan M2 security chip enforces hardware-backed attestation, verifying firmware authenticity during boot verification. Secure boot ensures cryptographic validation, blocking unauthorized firmware modifications. Rollback protection locks previous firmware versions, preventing downgrade-based exploits.

Memory security is reinforced through hardened address space layout randomization (ASLR), dynamically mapping memory allocations to eliminate predictable memory structures. ASLR disrupts memory corruption vulnerabilities, reducing exploit feasibility. Memory tagging extensions (MTE) detect and prevent unauthorized memory writes, mitigating heap corruption risks. Return-oriented programming (ROP) defenses strengthen execution security, blocking code reuse techniques.

GrapheneOS sandboxing policies enforce strict application isolation, ensuring least privilege data access. Sandboxing dynamically adjusts app permissions, restricting unauthorized system interactions. Kernel control-flow integrity (CFI) implements strict function pointer validation, eliminating jump-oriented programming (JOP) exploits. Strict SELinux policies regulate process communication, preventing unauthorized privilege escalations.

Dedicated cryptographic security is managed through a secure element (SE), isolating key storage from the main processor. Secure element integration enhances encryption key management, preventing unauthorized access to cryptographic materials. End-to-end encryption applies to user data, ensuring full-disk protection against physical threats. Hardened verified boot (HVB) enforces firmware integrity validation, blocking execution of tampered boot components.

Pixel 7a (lynx)

Pixel 7a (lynx) is fully compatible with GrapheneOS, integrating hardware-backed security, advanced exploit mitigations, and memory protection mechanisms to enhance system integrity, privacy, and attack resistance. Titan M2 security chip ensures hardware-backed attestation, validating firmware authenticity during boot verification. Secure boot applies cryptographic validation, preventing unauthorized firmware modifications. Rollback protection locks previous firmware versions, mitigating downgrade-based exploits.

Memory security is reinforced through hardened address space layout randomization (ASLR), dynamically mapping memory allocations to eliminate predictable memory structures. ASLR disrupts memory corruption vulnerabilities, reducing exploit feasibility. Memory tagging extensions (MTE) detect and prevent unauthorized memory writes, mitigating heap corruption risks. Return-oriented programming (ROP) defenses strengthen execution security, blocking code reuse techniques.

GrapheneOS sandboxing policies enforce strict application isolation, ensuring least privilege data access. Sandboxing dynamically adjusts app permissions, restricting unauthorized system interactions. Kernel control-flow integrity (CFI) implements strict function pointer validation, eliminating jump-oriented programming (JOP) exploits. Strict SELinux policies regulate process communication, preventing unauthorized privilege escalations.

Dedicated cryptographic security is managed through a secure element (SE), isolating key storage from the main processor. Secure element integration enhances encryption key management, preventing unauthorized access to cryptographic materials. End-to-end encryption applies to user data, ensuring full-disk protection against physical threats. Hardened verified boot (HVB) enforces firmware integrity validation, blocking execution of tampered boot components.

Network security reinforcements include encrypted DNS over TLS (DoT) and DNS over HTTPS (DoH), preventing domain name resolution hijacking. Secure Wi-Fi authentication enforces WPA3 security, eliminating brute-force network attacks. Private Cellular Network Security (PCNS) prevents IMSI-catcher surveillance, securing mobile identity privacy.

Pixel 7 Pro (cheetah)

Pixel 7 Pro (cheetah) is fully compatible with GrapheneOS, integrating hardware-backed security, system-wide exploit mitigations, and advanced memory protections to enhance device integrity, privacy, and resistance to attacks. Titan M2 security chip ensures hardware-backed attestation, validating firmware authenticity at each boot stage. Secure boot applies cryptographic validation, preventing unauthorized firmware modifications. Rollback protection locks previous firmware versions, mitigating downgrade-based exploits.

Memory security is reinforced through hardened address space layout randomization (ASLR), dynamically mapping memory allocations to eliminate predictable memory structures. ASLR disrupts memory corruption vulnerabilities, reducing exploit feasibility. Memory tagging extensions (MTE) detect and prevent unauthorized memory writes, mitigating heap corruption risks. Return-oriented programming (ROP) defenses strengthen execution security, blocking code reuse techniques.

GrapheneOS sandboxing policies enforce strict application isolation, ensuring least privilege data access. Sandboxing dynamically adjusts app permissions, restricting unauthorized system interactions. Kernel control-flow integrity (CFI) implements strict function pointer validation, eliminating jump-oriented programming (JOP) exploits. Strict SELinux policies regulate process communication, preventing unauthorized privilege escalations.

Dedicated cryptographic security is managed through a secure element (SE), isolating key storage from the main processor. Secure element integration enhances encryption key management, preventing unauthorized access to cryptographic materials. End-to-end encryption applies to user data, ensuring full-disk protection against physical threats. Hardened verified boot (HVB) enforces firmware integrity validation, blocking execution of tampered boot components.

Network security reinforcements include encrypted DNS over TLS (DoT) and DNS over HTTPS (DoH), preventing domain name resolution hijacking. Secure Wi-Fi authentication enforces WPA3 security, eliminating brute-force network attacks. Private Cellular Network Security (PCNS) prevents IMSI-catcher surveillance, securing mobile identity privacy.

Pixel 7 (panther)

Pixel 7 (panther) is fully compatible with GrapheneOS, integrating hardware-enforced security, exploit mitigation techniques, and advanced memory protections to enhance device integrity, privacy, and resilience against threats. Titan M2 security chip enforces hardware-backed attestation, validating firmware authenticity at every boot stage. Secure boot applies cryptographic verification, blocking unauthorized firmware modifications. Rollback protection locks previous firmware versions, mitigating downgrade-based exploits.

Memory security is reinforced through hardened address space layout randomization (ASLR), dynamically mapping memory allocations to eliminate predictable memory structures. ASLR disrupts memory corruption vulnerabilities, reducing exploit feasibility. Memory tagging extensions (MTE) detect and prevent unauthorized memory writes, mitigating heap corruption risks. Return-oriented programming (ROP) defenses strengthen execution security, blocking code reuse techniques.

GrapheneOS sandboxing policies enforce strict application isolation, ensuring least privilege data access. Sandboxing dynamically adjusts app permissions, restricting unauthorized system interactions. Kernel control-flow integrity (CFI) implements strict function pointer validation, eliminating jump-oriented programming (JOP) exploits. Strict SELinux policies regulate process communication, preventing unauthorized privilege escalations.

Dedicated cryptographic security is managed through a secure element (SE), isolating key storage from the main processor. Secure element integration enhances encryption key management, preventing unauthorized access to cryptographic materials. End-to-end encryption applies to user data, ensuring full-disk protection against physical threats. Hardened verified boot (HVB) enforces firmware integrity validation, blocking execution of tampered boot components.

Network security reinforcements include encrypted DNS over TLS (DoT) and DNS over HTTPS (DoH), preventing domain name resolution hijacking. Secure Wi-Fi authentication enforces WPA3 security, eliminating brute-force network attacks. Private Cellular Network Security (PCNS) prevents IMSI-catcher surveillance, securing mobile identity privacy.

Pixel 6a (bluejay)

Pixel 6a (bluejay) is fully compatible with GrapheneOS, integrating hardware-backed security, exploit mitigation techniques, and system-wide memory protections to enhance device integrity, privacy, and resilience against attacks. Titan M2 security chip enforces hardware-backed attestation, validating firmware authenticity at every boot stage. Secure boot applies cryptographic verification, blocking unauthorized firmware modifications. Rollback protection locks previous firmware versions, mitigating downgrade-based exploits.

Memory security is reinforced through hardened address space layout randomization (ASLR), dynamically mapping memory allocations to eliminate predictable memory structures. ASLR disrupts memory corruption vulnerabilities, reducing exploit feasibility. Memory tagging extensions (MTE) detect and prevent unauthorized memory writes, mitigating heap corruption risks. Return-oriented programming (ROP) defenses strengthen execution security, blocking code reuse techniques.

GrapheneOS sandboxing policies enforce strict application isolation, ensuring least privilege data access. Sandboxing dynamically adjusts app permissions, restricting unauthorized system interactions. Kernel control-flow integrity (CFI) implements strict function pointer validation, eliminating jump-oriented programming (JOP) exploits. Strict SELinux policies regulate process communication, preventing unauthorized privilege escalations.

Dedicated cryptographic security is managed through a secure element (SE), isolating key storage from the main processor. Secure element integration enhances encryption key management, preventing unauthorized access to cryptographic materials. End-to-end encryption applies to user data, ensuring full-disk protection against physical threats. Hardened verified boot (HVB) enforces firmware integrity validation, blocking execution of tampered boot components.

Network security reinforcements include encrypted DNS over TLS (DoT) and DNS over HTTPS (DoH), preventing domain name resolution hijacking. Secure Wi-Fi authentication enforces WPA3 security, eliminating brute-force network attacks. Private Cellular Network Security (PCNS) prevents IMSI-catcher surveillance, securing mobile identity privacy.

Pixel 6 Pro (raven)

Pixel 6 Pro (raven) is fully compatible with GrapheneOS, integrating hardware-backed security, system-wide exploit mitigations, and advanced memory protections to enhance device integrity, privacy, and resilience against attacks. Titan M2 security chip enforces hardware-backed attestation, validating firmware authenticity at every boot stage. Secure boot applies cryptographic verification, blocking unauthorized firmware modifications. Rollback protection locks previous firmware versions, mitigating downgrade-based exploits.

Memory security is reinforced through hardened address space layout randomization (ASLR), dynamically mapping memory allocations to eliminate predictable memory structures. ASLR disrupts memory corruption vulnerabilities, reducing exploit feasibility. Memory tagging extensions (MTE) detect and prevent unauthorized memory writes, mitigating heap corruption risks. Return-oriented programming (ROP) defenses strengthen execution security, blocking code reuse techniques.

GrapheneOS sandboxing policies enforce strict application isolation, ensuring least privilege data access. Sandboxing dynamically adjusts app permissions, restricting unauthorized system interactions. Kernel control-flow integrity (CFI) implements strict function pointer validation, eliminating jump-oriented programming (JOP) exploits. Strict SELinux policies regulate process communication, preventing unauthorized privilege escalations.

Dedicated cryptographic security is managed through a secure element (SE), isolating key storage from the main processor. Secure element integration enhances encryption key management, preventing unauthorized access to cryptographic materials. End-to-end encryption applies to user data, ensuring full-disk protection against physical threats. Hardened verified boot (HVB) enforces firmware integrity validation, blocking execution of tampered boot components.

Network security reinforcements include encrypted DNS over TLS (DoT) and DNS over HTTPS (DoH), preventing domain name resolution hijacking. Secure Wi-Fi authentication enforces WPA3 security, eliminating brute-force network attacks. Private Cellular Network Security (PCNS) prevents IMSI-catcher surveillance, securing mobile identity privacy.

Pixel 6 (oriole)

Pixel 6 (oriole) is fully compatible with GrapheneOS, integrating hardware-backed security, system-wide exploit mitigations, and advanced memory protections to enhance device integrity, privacy, and resistance against cyber threats. Titan M2 security chip enforces hardware-backed attestation, ensuring firmware authenticity verification at every boot stage. Secure boot applies cryptographic validation, blocking unauthorized firmware modifications. Rollback protection locks previous firmware versions, mitigating downgrade-based exploits.

Memory security is reinforced through hardened address space layout randomization (ASLR), dynamically randomizing memory allocations to prevent predictable memory structures. ASLR disrupts memory corruption vulnerabilities, reducing exploit feasibility. Memory tagging extensions (MTE) detect and prevent unauthorized memory writes, mitigating heap corruption risks. Return-oriented programming (ROP) defenses enhance execution security, preventing code reuse exploits in compromised memory regions.

GrapheneOS sandboxing policies enforce strict application isolation, ensuring least privilege data access. Sandboxing dynamically adjusts app permissions, restricting unauthorized system interactions. Kernel control-flow integrity (CFI) enforces strict function pointer validation, blocking jump-oriented programming (JOP) exploits. Strict SELinux policies regulate process communication, preventing unauthorized privilege escalations.

Dedicated cryptographic security is managed through a secure element (SE), isolating encryption key storage from the main processor. Secure element integration enhances encryption key management, preventing unauthorized access to cryptographic materials. End-to-end encryption applies to user data, ensuring full-disk protection against physical threats. Hardened verified boot (HVB) enforces firmware integrity validation, blocking execution of tampered boot components.

Network security reinforcements include encrypted DNS over TLS (DoT) and DNS over HTTPS (DoH), preventing domain name resolution hijacking. Secure Wi-Fi authentication enforces WPA3 security, eliminating brute-force network attacks. Private Cellular Network Security (PCNS) prevents IMSI-catcher surveillance, securing mobile identity privacy.

Does the Pixel 8 have desktop mode?

Pixel 8 (shiba) does not have a native desktop mode. Google has not implemented a dedicated desktop mode for the Pixel 8 series, including Pixel 8 Pro (husky) and Pixel 8a (akita). The Pixel 7 Pro (cheetah), Pixel 7 (panther), Pixel 7a (lynx), Pixel 6 Pro (raven), and Pixel 6 (oriole) also lack an official desktop mode. Pixel Tablet (tangorpro) supports an interface optimized for large screens, but this does not function as a full desktop mode.

Pixel Fold (felix) and Pixel 9 Pro Fold (comet) have a larger display and multi-window functionalities, but they do not operate with a full-fledged desktop mode. Pixel 9 Pro XL (komodo), Pixel 9 Pro (caiman), and Pixel 9 (tokay) might introduce software enhancements, but Google has not officially confirmed a desktop mode for these models.

Android 14 includes hidden experimental desktop mode features, but they require ADB commands for activation. The user must enable developer options and execute specific commands to access this feature. Samsung DeX and Motorola’s Ready For are manufacturer-specific implementations of desktop modes, but Google has not provided an equivalent solution in Pixel devices.

Grapheneos No Compatible Devices Found

The phrase “No compatible devices found” appears when attempting to install GrapheneOS on unsupported hardware. Devices that do not meet GrapheneOS’ security requirements lack the necessary firmware and software integrations. Qualcomm-based Android smartphones, budget-tier handsets, and non-Pixel devices lack hardware attestation, rollback protection, and secure boot verification, leading to incompatibility.

Expanding on GrapheneOS compatibility, devices need specific bootloader integrity checks, memory encryption standards, and firmware update lifecycles. Google’s Pixel lineup meets these conditions due to their Titan M security chip, hardened memory allocation system, and advanced sandboxing techniques. Devices from manufacturers such as Samsung, OnePlus, and Xiaomi lack full compliance with GrapheneOS’ hardware security policies.

Can you install GrapheneOS on any device?

No, GrapheneOS cannot be installed on any device. It is only compatible with specific Google Pixel devices that meet its strict security and hardware requirements.

Device Compatibility and Security Requirements

GrapheneOS requires a secure hardware environment that supports:

Verified Boot for ensuring cryptographic integrity.

Titan M security chip for hardware-backed encryption and firmware verification.

Memory protection mechanisms that prevent unauthorized access to system data.

Rollback protection to prevent downgrades to vulnerable software versions.

Regular firmware and kernel updates provided directly by Google.

Currently, GrapheneOS officially supports Pixel 4a and newer models. Devices from Samsung, OnePlus, Xiaomi, and other manufacturers lack the necessary hardware security features and are not supported.

What can VPN collect from GrapheneOS devices?

A VPN operating on GrapheneOS collects IP addresses, connection timestamps, metadata, and DNS requests. The extent of collection depends on the VPN provider’s logging policies. Some VPNs store real-time logs, while others maintain limited metadata for debugging or service optimization. A VPN provider with data retention practices can track device identifiers, including the public IP, session duration, and server locations. The collection of connection timestamps allows monitoring of user activity patterns, especially when correlated with other logs.

A VPN routing traffic through GrapheneOS modifies DNS handling, but the VPN provider processes DNS requests unless custom DNS encryption protocols are used. VPNs collect domain resolution queries, exposing browsing behavior even on a hardened OS. If the VPN provider integrates third-party analytics, advertisers and data aggregators can access session-specific data. A VPN server logs device interactions when applications use unique request headers or unencrypted metadata.

A VPN observing traffic flow detects protocol types, such as TLS handshakes, QUIC sessions, and HTTP headers. Analyzing traffic fingerprinting reveals specific service usage, including streaming platforms, messaging applications, and real-time communications. A VPN enforcing deep packet inspection (DPI) recognizes encrypted payload structures, classifying content types. VPN providers implementing data compression, traffic shaping, or analytics integration store usage metrics.

A commercial VPN collecting device telemetry processes application identifiers, network settings, and hardware interactions. GrapheneOS’s sandboxing architecture limits direct hardware exposure, but a VPN can extract device characteristics through network negotiation protocols. A VPN enforcing bandwidth limits measures data consumption patterns, storing usage metrics.

What Android Phones Are Compatible With Grapheneos?

GrapheneOS is officially compatible only with Google Pixel devices due to hardware security requirements, firmware control, and verified boot integrity. The supported models include:

Current Supported Devices (Full Compatibility)

• Pixel 8 Pro
• Pixel 8
• Pixel 7 Pro
• Pixel 7
• Pixel 6a
• Pixel 6 Pro
• Pixel 6
• Pixel 5a (5G)

Legacy Devices (Limited Future Support)

• Pixel 5
• Pixel 4a (5G)
• Pixel 4a

How Easy to Try GrapheneOS on Encryptionmobile.com?

Encryptionmobile.com is a platform focusing providing  privacy-centric mobile operating systems. It facilitates trying GrapheneOS with structured guidance. GrapheneOS, known for robust privacy and security, provides verified encryption and hardening. The website offers detailed instructions for installation. Users can download installation tools, such as Android Debug Bridge (ADB), and access signed OS builds from secure repositories